Yen: How Do People Get Salmonellosis spp.?

How do people get salmonellosis?

Salmonella (Spp.) bacteria are the most frequently reported cause of foodborne illness. Samonella bacteria are rod-shaped, flagellated, and gram stain-negative. It is usually can be found in poultry, eggs, unprocessed milk water and others. In addition, it will also can be carried by pets such as turtles, rodents, birds and other. Apart from that, the 2 major diseases caused by Salmonella spp. are typhoid fever and gastroenteritis in humans. The bacteria will attack all age groups and both sexes. Children, the elderly and people who are already ill are much more likely to get a more serious infection, as those people who have low gastric acidity.

Salmonellosis is an infection which is caused by the bacteria Salmonella. Most peoples infected with Salmonella will develop diarrhea, fever and abdominal cramps from 12 to 72 hours after infection. Normally, the illness will laste between 4 to 7 days and most peoples recover without treatment. However, in some persons, the diarrhea maybe so severe that the patient needs to be hospitalized. In these patients, the Salmonella infection may spread from the intestines to the blood stream and to other other body sites and can cause death. Furthermore, the elderly, infants and those with impaired immune systems are more likely to have severe illness.

Salmonella infections normally resolve in 5-7 days and do not require treatment other than oral fluids. However, peoples with severe diarrhea may need rehydration with intravenous fluids. Fluid are recommended to prevent dehydration because the diarrhea that flushes bacteria out of the body drains a great deal of liquid. Moreover, most cases of Salmonellosis will not treated with antibiotics such as ampicilin, trimethoprin-sulfamethoxazole or ciprofloxacin unless the infection spreads from the intestines. Some Salmonella bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics.

It is really very important for the public health department to know about cases of salmonellosis. Some prevention steps can be implement such as:

Hand washing with soap and hot water, especially after handling eggs, poultry, and raw meat is likely to reduce the chance for infections.
Avoiding direct contact with animal carriers of Salmonella (for example, turtles, snakes, pigs).
Using chlorine-treated drinking water.
Keep food safe at home, refrigerate promptly and properly. Refrigerate or freeze perishables, prepared foods, and leftovers within 2 hours .
Pasturized eggs were used widely in restaurants, hospitals and home.
Better education of food industry workers in basic food safety.